Conclusions: Acute-onset, localized petechiae and purpura of the lower extremities occurred in 3 otherwise healthy infants following recent exposure to baby carriers. Petechiae are red, pink, or purple patches just under the skin. Fortunately, the baby made a full recovery. They clear up completely when the babys body reabsorbs the blood. The doctor may also perform a glass test or pressure test using a glass to confirm the diagnosis. Petechiae are small red bumps that usually appear on babies' skin or mucus membranes. 2016;152(6):728730. It is always best to talk to your doctor if your child suddenly develops bruising or petechiae. MW, Barwise Prevalence and location of petechial spots in well infants. For older babies and children, it's reasonably safe to diffuse certain oils such as cedarwood, ginger or sweet orange for up to . Other symptoms may include weight loss . We report 19 cases of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) linked to infant carrier. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Read for more information. Carriers do not appear to be at risk for ARF or for . Acute-onset petechiae and purpura can be alarming, accounting for approximately 2.6% of all pediatric emergency department visits.1 Given the life-threatening conditions associated with these lesions, extensive evaluations are often implemented. Similarly, spanking, biting, and crush injuries can cause petechiae of the neck, face, and chest. Friction on the skin. In the first case, a showering of petechiae and purpura appeared soon after the release of the cloth material that had been cinched around the infant's lower extremities, and the exam was otherwise normal. Henoch-Schnlein purpura (HSP) is a leukocytoclastic vasculitis that predominately affects the small blood vessels. Petechiae/purpura in well-appearing infants. Here are some of the causes why your child has developed those tiny spots. Petechiae are pinpoint-sized spots of bleeding under the skin or mucous membranes. Index Patient With Scattered Petechiae and Purpura on the Legs. They can burst anytime and cause petechiae in anyone. Yellow skin and eyes (jaundice) Enlarged and poorly functioning liver. Although birth trauma is relatively rare in the United States, it is estimated that 6 to 8 out of every 1,000 live births result in some type of injury, including bruises and petechiae. We see it a lot on the face from vomiting also. Find out more about this skin condition in babies, how it happens, its various symptoms, how is it treated, and various other aspects related to this condition, in the following blog! A drool rash will turn white if you press on the area. Copyright WWW.NEWHEALTHADVISOR.ORG 2014, All rights Reserved. 2003 Aug;19(4):244-7. doi: 10.1097/01.pec.0000086233.54586.87. Common mechanical causes include vomiting or coughing causing petechiae in the SVC distribution (above the nipple line) and local physical pressure including the use of tourniquets and the straps of baby carriers and car seats. Similarly, the Rumpel-Leede phenomenon is well documented to occur in a health care setting; in this scenario, petechiae may develop in local areas after application of pressure to friable vessels; most frequently, this may be noticed after the use of a blood pressure cuff. These are tiny (2 mm) dark red or purple spots on the skin. I'm having t. Baby life: caused by hormone shifts after birth or baby lifestyle. Here's my dd's petechia. When it comes to a quality day-to-day carrier, the Ergobaby Omni 360 ticks all the boxes. Immune, Lipid Biomarkers May Predict Onset of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants, Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Reduces Major CV Events in Men, Inflammation Reduction Medications May Lower Dementia Risk in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sepsis Increases Risk of Post-Discharge Cardiovascular Events, Death, AHA Releases Statement on Hypertension Induced by Anticancer Therapy, Consultant360's Practical Updates in Primary Care. Petechiae are small red bumps that usually appear on babies skin or mucus membranes. Initial symptoms typically include fever, often greater than 40 C (104 F), cough, runny nose, and inflamed eyes. Besides a sore throat that starts quickly, you can have pain when you swallow, a fever, red and swollen tonsils that sometimes have white patches or streaks of pus, red spots on . . When a hemophilia carrier female is pregnant, there is a 50/50 chance that the hemophilia gene will be passed on to the baby. She currently works as a medical writer and featured healthcare expert. An unidentified 36-year-old woman from New Mexico said Carriers. Chester These small, round dots that appear on the skin are called petechiae. This will help reduce the appearance of spots. If you notice any of the above-mentioned signs or symptoms of petechiae in your baby, it is recommended that you seek your doctors advice. On back of neck or bridge of nose (present at birth). Click For Restrictions - http://about.reuters.com/fulllegal.asp, Too-tight baby carrier can cause Rumpel-Leede phenomenon. It is often a result of a difficult labor, especially after the uterine membranes break and as the babys head descends into the birth canal. Loud appliances. Key points In Australia, most cases of meningococcal disease occur in winter or early spring I sometimes get them around my eyes when i vomit a lot but then they fade over time (24-36ish hrs). The treatment for petechiae will depend on what is causing them. Observation is the mainstay of ruling out early . Vasculitis (inflamed blood vessels) Chronic liver disease. Platelets aid blood clotting (stopping bleeding). No experience with this and dr. Google is scaring me a little. If you stop using the carrier and they dont fade away, go see a dr. better safe than sorry Yeah, Id pop in to the doc office just to be sure. Vacuum extraction may also cause bruising to the babys scalp. Most patients were healthy full-term babies less than 3 months of age, and suffocation was the most frequent cause of death. They often show up very suddenly. These lumps only form on one side of the skull, usually at the point of most contact between the babys head and the mothers pelvic bones. MD, Pandharipande Don't diffuse essential oils around infants under 6 months old. Conditions where the body makes too many of these cells are known as myeloproliferative neoplasms. Here are some other ways to deal with petechiae in children: In case your child has recently started a new medication, this could very well be the reason why he/she hasdeveloped those spots. The majority of the infants had localized purpura/petechiae to the lower limbs (92%) with two thirds of these patients having bilateral signs. Page Medically Reviewed By Kim Langdon, M.D. Fortunately, in most cases, their causes are trivial. My wife has the same issue. This is to avoid any instances of physical abuse that may lead to petechiae in newborn babies and toddlers. Oh, and from the pics it definitely looks like petechia. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. These remedies include: If you or your child is injured as a result of medical negligence, call us to learn more. Interestingly, the mother notes that she normally does the hike with the patient lying in a trailer-rated stroller. Last year, again at the same period, I had an episode during the daytime. Petechiae are something that usually last for at least 2 weeks. Bleeding into the skin Bleeding into the skin Bleeding into the skin can occur from broken blood vessels that form tiny red dots (called petechiae). This case series identifies tourniquet-like forces associated with baby carriers as a mechanical cause of the Rumpel-Leede phenomenon. See a medical professional for personalized consultation. Prolonged straining (as a result of chronic coughing, vomiting, giving birth, etc.) Get the latest news and education delivered to your inbox, Receive an email when new articles are posted on, Please provide your email address to receive an email when new articles are posted on. Home; About Us. [3] 2 Examine your medications. In infants under 3 years old, strep throat rarely causes a. c. contain lots of vitamin K, the antidote to Coumadin therapy. Other symptoms may include: Headache Stomach pain Pain when swallowing Fever Red and swollen tonsils, sometimes with white patches or streaks of pus Tiny, red spots (petechiae pronounced pi-TEE-kee-eye) on the roof of the mouth (the soft or hard palate) Swollen lymph nodes in the front of the neck Other symptoms may include a headache, stomach pain, nausea, or vomiting especially in children. This is a type of cancer that affects your blood as well as your bone marrow. Petechiae in babies can occur due to self-limiting conditions (such as birth trauma) and bleeding disorders that require prompt medical care. You should talk to a doctor if your child has petechiae, especially if the spots are right below the chest. Petechiae may also be caused by noninfectious medical conditions. Dr. Elna Gibson is a general pediatrician. Vomiting. Blood also can collect under the tissue in larger flat areas (called purpura ), or in a very large bruised area (called an ecchymosis). You should seek immediate medical help or assistance if you notice any of the following symptoms in your baby: These are some of the signs for which you should consult your doctor as soon as possible. ATXP High Quality Baby Carrier with Strong Belt 4 in 1 . 2012 Mar;101(3):271-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02478.x. Considerations Antibiotics help clear the infection, and once the infection is gone, the spots will disappear as well. Accessibility Statement, Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. You also acknowledge that owing to the limited nature of communication possible on Sometimes a certain phenomenon that results from inflammation to cutaneous vessels, also known as vasculitis or certain coagulation diseases such as Von Willebrands disease, etc. P, Mantokoudis Types of physical trauma that can result in petechiae include: Car accident. Petechiae in well babies occur commonly; a study published in 2002 found a prevalence of 27.6% of a cohort of 116 babies less than twelve months of age at child health surveillance clinics, predominantly to the trunk and lower limbs. according to the suspected underlying condition. This condition affects red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet production. 2010 Jul;95(7):518-20. doi: 10.1136/adc.2008.155226. should not be construed as a substitute for advice from a medical professional or health care provider. Port-wine Stains. This patient had a diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy. Pulses were normal, and edema was absent. The spots of petechiae measure between one to two millimeters or 0.04 to 0..8 inches. Petechiae usually fade away without leaving any scars. Most infants had a full blood count (94%), coagulation profile (59%) and C-reactive protein (59%), and blood cultures (59%), with all being normal (except for mild elevation in platelets). The rest of the patients were thought to have either a mechanical reason for their petechiae/purpura (tourniquet phenomena) or a formal diagnosis was not specified. This term refers to an abnormally increased susceptibility to developing petechiae. All three children remained well through follow-up. G, Lmmle My ODD had those (4yo) in the exact same spot the other day. The result is the trademark black and blue marks on the skin. This initial interaction (platelet adhesion) sets the stage for other adhesive reactions that allow the platelets to interact with other agonists in the vicinity of vessel injury, such as. I can't tell from the pic. Parents often notice their baby has redness around the eyes, or has a bright red spot on the white of the eye. Z33.3 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. ICD-10-CM Coding Rules. How do I differentiate between petechiae and a rash? Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. Spotless RMSF occurs in 10%-15% of cases. There are a variety of conditions and birth injuries that can lead to bruising and petechiae. If you send your baby to a daycare centre or he spends time with a nanny, make sure the people who take care of your baby are trustworthy. Lesions completely resolved within several weeks, and all 3 children remained well through follow-up. Dogs sometimes develop petechiae on the interior . You may notice other signs and symptoms along with petechiae, depending on the underlying cause. (To convert ALT, AST, and CK to microkatals per liter, multiply by 0.0167.) The most common causes include: Strong coughing. Many will have extensive investigations and treatment that may not be necessary. There are tiny blood vessels underneath the skin. Some other symptoms include fever, a stiff neck, vomiting, and headaches. All presenting problems of petechiae or purpura were reviewed. E) Streptococcus agalactiae. the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information. The .gov means its official. The most common site where carriers of Staphylococcus aureus carry this pathogen is . Don't diffuse essential oils around infants under 6 months old. . Some of the birth injuries that may include bruising and petechiae include: Although some incidents that lead to infant bruising are inevitable, some are the result of medical errors and poor judgment. Neonatal sepsis can develop when the mother and/or infant have an infection. The site is secure. Extra virgin olive oil is a wonderful remedy for petechiae. Difficulty in breathing Fever, without apparent cause, coldness in the legs, feet, and hands. [3] 2 Examine your medications. Arch Dis Child. baby boys are born with WAS Approximately Unaected mother Aected father Carrier daughter Carrier daughter Unaected son Unaected son Carrier mother Unaected father Unaected daughter Carrier daughter Unaected son Aected son Aected Unaected . Certain cancers, cancer treatments, medications and autoimmune diseases can cause the condition. However, using cold compression may help in speeding the healing process. It may be a little bit bigger than petechiae, even a bruise. It is important to note that infants may not have the classic presentation of scurvy and early signs can be nonspecific, including fever, irritability, tachypnea, digestive disturbances and loss of appetite. This occurs mostly around the eyes. associated with vascular hemorrhage and petechiae. A petechial rash, especially with fever, requires immediate medical attention.. When this happens, antibodies coat the platelets and the spleen's phagocytes remove them in numbers up to 10 times greater than the normal platelet removal rate. Can babies get petechiae for no reason? Petechiae can show up both on dogs' mucous membranes and on their skin. I'm having trouble judging. If the area affected is large, the breakdown of red blood cells may cause jaundice in some babies. Work with your doctor or other health care professional for an accurate diagnosis. red spots on the roof of the mouth, called petechiae swollen lymph nodes headache nausea Vomiting is also a common symptom in children. While petechiae usually fade without treatment, it is important to identify the underlying cause. Petechiae is a condition in which red spots of 1-2 mm appear on any part of the body. If required, dilute 2 teaspoons of carrier or coconut oil with chamomile oil. Petechiae are formed when tiny blood vessels called capillaries break open. Published Online: February 17, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.6270. : Anybody else's baby presenting signs of Petechia? Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Do you find that outpatient rehabilitation is effective for your patients with multiple sclerosis? E. Obtain a more detailed history of the childs diet. An important entity to keep in mind when examining a child with a petechial rash is Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). Petechiae are pinpoint-sized reddish/purple spots, resembling a rash, that appear just under the skin or a mucous membrane when capillaries have ruptured and some superficial bleeding into the skin has happened. In rare cases, leukemia or other malignant conditions cause petechiae. Is it raises at all? petechiae baby carrier. What Is It, Causes, Treatment, and More, Typhoid In Babies And Toddlers: Causes, Symptoms, And Treatment, Milk Of Magnesia During Pregnancy: Safety, Benefits And Side Effects. Treatment for petechiae may vary depending on the underlying cause. 1,299. Your childs doctor will be able to tell you what sort of treatment, if any, is necessary for your childs bruising or petechiae. The lesions do not appear to be increasing in size or number. Nevertheless, medical intervention for petechiae is necessary to determine the underlying cause (3). All rights reserved. She Dr. Bisny T. Joseph is a Georgian Board-certified physician. Moro Reflex In Babies: How Long It Lasts And When To Worry, Babys Head Hot, But No Fever: Causes And When To Worry, When Do Babies Start Smiling And 7 Activities To Encourage It, Hypotonia in Babies: Signs, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment, Scarlet Fever In Babies: Symptoms, Causes And Treatment, Why Do Babies Wear Helmets And How Long Should They Wear, Port Wine Stains In Babies: Causes And How To Treat Them, Tourniquet pressure such as from wearing a diaper or baby sling, Thrombocytopenia (low number of platelets), Dysproteinemia (blood protein content disorder), Certain medications such as penicillin, Qualaquin (quinine), or Cerebyx (phenytoin), Child abuse in the form of smothering, biting, strangulation or spanking. Basically, a minimum of 2 to 3 weeks is required for petechiae to heal and the affected individual can add another one week depending on the severity of the condition. interactive elements on the site, any assistance, or response you receive is provided by the author In such cases, it is important that early medical assistance is sought. Usually flat to the touch, petechiae don't lose color when you press on them. However, deep lacerations may require stitches and other types of medical intervention to prevent complications. Dry Skin in Infants, Petechiae In Babies- Causes, Signs and Treatment. LC, Smith Causes of Petechiae in babies: Others, however, may be more extensive and may require medical intervention. A widespread infection of the bloodstream called meningococcemia may also lead to petechiae. Petechiae in babies is a typically harmless skin condition that can be recognized from its dot-sized distinctive red spots. may result in this skin condition. Some children with ethylmalonic encephalopathy (EME) have developmental delays. It is possible that your child has a few of these spots or clusters of them, and they can appear on the chest, face, feet, or even stomach. Viral infections such as enterovirus and influenza. If he has it on his torso or extremities with other sick-like symptoms, you might wanna get him checked out. Introducing your cat to a new cat, dog or baby, needs to take place slowly because the new dynamic is scary to them. One cause of petechiae is straining too much for too long. We report 19 cases of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) linked to infant carrier. Can you post a pic of what he normally looks like please? Sunburn. She began her journey as a German translator soon after completing her graduation, but later moved on to pursue her passion for writing. In many cases, the condition is accompanied by bruising. On physical exam, multiple, scattered 1-mm to 3-mm pinkish-red, round macules are noted on the patients bilateral legs; a sharp symmetric cutoff of the lesions is noted at the proximal bilateral thighs. The average age was 3.8 months (range, 1-7 months). Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is the most common autoimmune disorder in small children. They are the result of tiny capillaries discharging blood underneath the skin. Labor and childbirth. Children can have them after a bout of vomiting or coughing. However, if your child has suffered a birth injury or has other symptoms, there may be an underlying cause that is more serious than a bump or minor injury. As per our strong editorial policy requirements, we base our health articles on references (citations) taken from authority sites, international journals, and research studies. New-onset petechiae or purpura in an infant can be very concerning and can frequently lead to an extensive workup. Best Gender-Neutral It refers to one of the three descriptive types of hematoma differentiated by size, the other two being ecchymosis . In a 2012 retrospective review of 36 well-appearing infants presenting to emergency departments with . The rash typically begins on the ankles, wrists or forearms and spreads centripetally to involve the proximal extremities and trunk. In animals, Leptospira can be found in aborted or stillborn fetuses, as well as in normal These extra cells cause the blood to be thicker . Petechiae are not always a cause for concern, but they sometimes indicate serious problems as well. All babies can receive birth injuries as a result of prolonged labor. Bressan S, Berlese P, Mion T, Masiero S, Cavallaro A, Da Dalt L. Acta Paediatr. 2023 American Medical Association. In this chapter, the term petechiae is used to include all . Petechiae may also be caused by biting, spanking, or being involved in a car crash. Whatever treatment plan your doctor suggests, make sure you follow it, and the condition will get better without any scars. None had generalized signs. In addition, you may consult your doctor about the preventive measures to protect your baby from the possible causes that can trigger the condition. If the condition is a result of some kind of. petechiae baby carrier petechiae baby carrier. it be many things. Read on about the causes, associated symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment for petechiae in babies and ways to prevent them. Capillary bleeding in babies can occur due to many reasons, including (2): The primary symptom of petechiae in babies is the appearance of pinprick sized red spots under the skin. government site. Accidental and non-accidental Injuries can cause bleeding, which can lead to petechiae. It is recommended to seek immediate medical care if your baby has petechial rashes since it can be a symptom of severe medical condition or can be another type of rash. With platelet counts less than 10,000/L, generalized petechiae, ecchymoses, and mucosal bleeding occur. If the skin condition is because of coagulation disease, the doctor may suggest anticoagulant medicines. alone. I couldn't speak. The lesions have been present for 1 day and were noticed only after the patients mother undressed the child after they returned from their daily local hike together. Your Dr. Krakowski did not respond to a request for comment by press time. Authors Richard Temple 1 , Kenneth Bull 1 Affiliation 1 Naval Hospital Camp Lejeune, Jacksonville, NC, USA. The spots can show up all over the body, including places like the eyelids or inside your mouth. In most cases, petechiae survive for a few days and resolve spontaneously. If you or your child have petechiae that spread quickly, or if you have dots plus other symptoms, seek medical attention. Soak a piece of cloth in the chamomile tea. The likely cause may be due to a tourniquet phenomenon (eg, diaper). In the specific setting of a supporting history and physical examination with well-demarcated localized findings, however, recognition of the Rumpel-Leede phenomenon presenting as baby carrier purpura may help spare infants from unnecessary, costly, and invasive evaluations and treatments. Bouncers & Rockers Gyms & Playmats Baby Walkers Baby Swings Playards Carriers & Wraps Highchairs & Boosters. Blood then leaks into the skin, which is why it appears more like a rash. Fashion nova dresses - Baby Shower dresses, Symptmes de grossesse ne jamais ignorer, Moyens naturels pour dclencher l'accouchement. A petechia (/ p t i k i /) is a small red or purple spot (4 mm in diameter) that can appear on the skin, conjunctiva, retina, and mucous membranes which is caused by haemorrhage of capillaries. Petechiae is just broken capillaries. All rights reserved. Naproxen and indomethacin can also lead to petechiae, as can the sedative chloral hydrate. The mothers pelvic bones and the muscles of the birth canal exert pressure on a newborn during labor. Diagnosis: Petechiae secondary to tourniquet phenomenon. Raised red birthmarks (onset 2-4 weeks). If there is no progression of signs, it is likely that they can be safely discharged. This is analogous to a tourniquet effect previously reported in the literature thought to be secondary to tightly applied disposable diapers. After a few days of upper respiratory symptoms, the temperature rises abruptly, often after a chill. Frequently Asked Birth Injury Legal Questions, Improper use of vacuum extractors or forceps, https://www.healthline.com/health/petechiae, https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/bruises-article#1, Large babies that weigh over 8 pounds, 13 ounces, Cephalopelvic disproportion, which occurs when the infants head is too large to fit through the mothers pelvis, Have your child take over-the-counter pain medication like Tylenol or ibuprofen, Have your child drink lots of fluids to keep him or her from becoming dehydrated. If that is the underlying cause, your doctormay recommend platelet transfusion to resolve the issue. (1,597) $35.00 FREE shipping. In most cases, they are not a big concern and usually get resolved without any medical treatment. He/she may conduct a clinical examination, blood tests, lumbar puncture, etc. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.6270, 2023 American Medical Association. One of the more basic reasons you will have petechiae appear on your skin is due to straining. When the occasional . Thirty-six babies were identified. Petechiae are tiny, flat, typically round spots on the skin caused by bleeding. JC, Weston Accessibility sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Sometimes babies may develop certain kinds of skin conditions, and one such condition petechiae. Women with factor II deficiency experience menorrhagia, heavy menstrual bleeding, and postpartum hemorrhage after childbirth. Call us now at 877-415-6603 or complete the form below for a free legal consultation and information about compensation that may be available for birth injuries or medical negligence. Bacteremia in feverish children presenting to the emergency department: a retrospective study and literature review. The following signs and symptoms are more common in babies who have congenital CMV and who are sick at birth: Premature birth. Hospital stay is usually necessary in case of serious underlying medical conditions. You can also take care of their diet to prevent petechiae from diseases like scurvy. Kimberly Langdon, M.D. Almost immediately after release of tension on the cloth material, a showering of petechiae and purpura was observed on the infants legs, with a sharp, symmetric cutoff at the proximal thighs (Figure). Anthony Fauci. No, low iron level (iron deficiency anemia) does not lead to petechiae. She has completed her professional graduate degree as a medical doctor from Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. Your child may develop petechiae when his/herplatelet count is on the lower side. Petechiae are caused by many things..it could be allergies, trauma, etc. Best for parent-facing: Baby Tula Free to Grow Baby Carrier, 119.90. Nguyen TA, Garcia D, Wang AS, Friedlander SF, Krakowski AC. Seek out a dermatologist - I know it's more than just a skin issue - however - it's a new set of eyes to look at the problem. Ask if a platelet count was done in the blood test that was done. Disclaimer. Anemia rashes, also called petechiae, may develop in the case of aplastic anemia. The pressure of the forceps branches upon a babys head or face can cause bruising. Diascopy with a glass slide reveals that the lesions truly do not blanch, confirming the suspicion of petechiae. Petechiae are tiny brown, red, or purple spots that appear under the skin. Rumpel-Leede phenomenon, characterized by acute dermal capillary rupture caused by tourniquet-like forces leading to distal petechiae and purpura on release of pressure, has been reported in association with scarlet fever, medications, leukemia, and conditions predisposing to capillary fragility. Petechiae are often confused for a skin rash, but both differ significantly. Definitely worth a trip to the dr as they can be a sign of serious illness in infants. J, Rutter KeaBabies Baby Wrap Carrier - All in 1 Original Breathable Baby Sling, Lightweight,Hands Free Baby Carrier Sling, Baby Carrier Wrap, Baby Carriers for Newborn,Infant, Baby Wraps Carrier (Classic Gray) 19,483. Call your pediatrician for any of these symptoms in your little one, recommends Dr. Wiener. Purpura: Larger (> 2 mm) red or purple non-blanching spots on the body. Rumpel-Leede Phenomenon Associated With Tourniquet-like Forces of Baby Carriers in Otherwise Healthy Infants: Baby Carrier Purpura | Emergency Medicine | JAMA Dermatology | JAMA Network This case report describes acute-onset lower-extremity petechiae and purpura caused by dermal capillary rupture from a baby carrier in otherwise healthy infants
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